转老马
Combining Interleukin-2 With Gefitinib Increased Response Rates in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
By Joseph Cupolo
Posted: 11/11/2014 12:40:25 PM
Adding interleukin-2 to gefitinib (Iressa) therapy resulted in threefold higher response rates in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study by Bersanelli et al inCancers. The addition of interleukin-2 enhanced the efficacy of gefitinib without negatively affecting adverse events.
The concept of harnessing the immune system in patients with lung cancer has seen renewed interest with the emergence of newer therapeutic targets in immunotherapy. This focus has centered on the role of interleukin-2 in the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of T lymphocytes in patients with NSCLC. Indeed, previous studies of patients with NSCLC treated with interleukin-2 demonstrated a relatively long survival. More recent studies have targeted the role of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and cytokines such as interleukin-2. One such example of this type of therapy involves the use of gefitinib.
The most recent studies have projected a case for combining gefitinib with interleukin-2, which has the potential to reverse resistance to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with NSCLC. Thus, the investigators attempted to evaluate whether the use of interleukin-2 increased the efficacy of gefitinib in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Study Details
During a 3-year period, 70 patients with advanced, progressive NSCLC who had previously received chemotherapy were evaluated. These patients, who were from the oncology unit of the Istituti Ospitalieri of Cremona, Italy, received oral gefitinib (250 mg daily) or gefitinib combined with subcutaneous interleukin-2. Response assessments based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors group criteria were scheduled every 10 to 12 weeks (or before, in the case of clinical suspicion of disease progression).
Eligibility criteria for participants in the study included age greater than 18 years; histologic or pathologic confirmation of NSCLC; and prior treatment with at least one chemotherapy regimen for recurrent or metastatic disease, including at least one platinum-based combination. The medium age of participants in the trial was 70 years (range = 39–84 years). Fifty-three patients (76%) received only one prior chemotherapy regimen, whereas 17 patients (24%) received at least two prior lines of treatment. The median follow-up time was 25.2 months (range = 8.3–39.4 months).
Response Rate Higher With Interleukin-2 and Gefitinib
The response rate for the group receiving interleukin-2 and gefitinib was threefold higher than that for the group receiving gefitinib alone (16% vs 5%). However, the disease control rate was similar in the two treatment groups.
As for toxicity, the safety of gefitinib did not seem to be affected by its coadministration with interleukin-2. The percentage of adverse effects such as skin rash, diarrhea, asthenia, and anorexia was similar to that found in previous trials. In addition, the toxicity profile of interleukin-2 seen in this study appeared to be easily manageable and did not significantly affect the overall tolerability of the combination therapy.
As for overall survival, it was significantly higher in patients receiving the combination therapy (20 months) than in those receiving gefitinib alone (7 months). However, the investigators suggested that these numbers may have been skewed by the imbalance in patients’ characteristics between the two treatment groups. One such factor that was not accounted for was the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor–mutated tumors.
Closing Thoughts
The results of this phase II pilot study suggest that the addition of interleukin-2 may improve the objective response rate of gefitinib monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.
The investigators concluded, “Further investigations with randomized controlled trials would be needed to definitely verify the efficacy of these drugs associations for non-small cell lung cancer patients.”
Melissa Bersanelli, MD, of the Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy, is the corresponding author of this article in Cancers.
The authors reported no potential conflicts of interest.
The content in this post has not been reviewed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Inc. (ASCO®) and does not necessarily reflect the ideas and opinions of ASCO®.
结合叫吉增加反应率在晚期非小细胞肺癌患者
由约瑟夫•Cupolo
发布:11/11/2014 12:40:25点
添加叫吉(Iressa)治疗导致的三倍高反应率的晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者,根据一项由Bersanelli et al inCancers。新增的白介素-增强吉的功效没有负面影响的不良事件。
利用免疫系统的概念在肺癌患者以来兴趣重燃的出现新免疫疗法的治疗目标。这个焦点集中在叫的角色在增长,T淋巴细胞的增殖、分化与非小细胞肺癌患者。事实上,以前的研究与非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗与白介素-演示了一个相对较长的生存。最近的研究已经有针对性的表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗的作用和细胞因子白介素-等。这样的一个例子,这种类型的疗法包括使用吉。
最近的研究预测吉和白介素-相结合的情况下,它有可能逆转抗酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在非小细胞肺癌患者。因此,研究者试图评估是否使用白介素-增加吉在晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效。
研究细节
在3年期间,70年晚期,患者进步NSCLC曾接受化疗。这些病人,肿瘤单元的Istituti Ospitalieri克雷莫纳,意大利,口服吉(每日250毫克)或吉加上皮下叫。响应评估基于响应评估标准在实体肿瘤组标准计划每隔10到12周(或之前,在疾病进展的临床怀疑的情况下)。
资格标准研究包括参与者的年龄大于18年;组织学或病理证实非小细胞肺癌;之前,至少有一个化疗方案治疗复发或转移性疾病,包括至少一个铂的组合。媒介参与审判是70岁(范围= 39 - 84年)。53例患者(76%)接受之前只有一个化疗方案,而17个病人(24%)接受前至少两行治疗。中位随访时间为25.2个月(范围8.3 = 8.3个月)。
反应率高和白介素-吉
组接受叫和吉的反应率高出三倍的组仅接受吉(16% vs 5%)。然而,疾病率控制在两个治疗组相似。
至于毒性、安全的吉似乎并没有受其卡马白介素-。不良反应的比例如皮疹、腹泻、衰弱,厌食症是类似发现在以往的试验。此外,毒性的白介素-在这项研究似乎是很容易管理,没有显著影响整个联合治疗的耐受性。
至于总体存活率,在接受联合治疗的患者明显高于(20个月)比仅接受吉(7个月)。然而,研究人员认为,这些数字可能是扭曲的不平衡之间的两个治疗组患者的特征。其中一个因素不是占表皮生长因子receptor-mutated肿瘤的存在。
关闭的想法
二期试验研究的结果表明,添加白介素-可以提高的客观反应率吉单药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者。
研究人员总结道,“进一步调查绝对需要随机对照试验来验证这些药物的疗效为非小细胞肺癌患者协会”。
梅丽莎Bersanelli医学博士,医学肿瘤学部门,帕尔玛大学医院,帕尔马,意大利,这篇文章的通讯作者是癌症 |